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Fledge Fiber

Non-blocking async drivers for the Fledge framework. PHP 8.5 only.

Provides fiber-based database (MySQL, MariaDB, PostgreSQL), Redis, HTTP, WebSocket, filesystem, and parallel processing drivers that integrate seamlessly with Laravel's service container.

Requirements

• PHP 8.5+
• revolt/event-loop ^1.0

Installation

The FiberServiceProvider is auto-discovered. No manual registration needed.

Configuration

Set drivers in your .env:

Available database drivers:

Driver option support

The drivers aim for config parity with Laravel's stock drivers. Everything below reflects what actually reaches the wire; options that cannot be supported fail loudly or are documented here rather than silently ignored.

Database

Honored beyond the basics: Postgres sslcert/sslkey/sslrootcert and keepalives* (libpq connection string), Postgres session settings (isolation_level, timezone, search_path/schema, synchronous_commit, charset) via libpq startup -c options so DISCARD ALL on pool checkout restores instead of wipes them, MySQL/MariaDB TLS via Pdo\Mysql::ATTR_SSL_CA/ATTR_SSL_CAPATH/ATTR_SSL_CERT/ATTR_SSL_KEY/ATTR_SSL_CIPHER/ATTR_SSL_VERIFY_SERVER_CERT in options (TLS is skipped for unix sockets), ATTR_INIT_COMMAND (runs on every new pooled connection), and per-connection isolation_level/timezone on MySQL through SessionInitializingConnector.

Explicitly unsupported PDO attributes: ATTR_CASE (server column names always), ATTR_ERRMODE (the shim always throws, Laravel's default), ATTR_ORACLE_NULLS, ATTR_STRINGIFY_FETCHES (native types from the wire), ATTR_EMULATE_PREPARES (statements are always server-prepared), ATTR_PERSISTENT (pooling replaces it).

MySQL 5.7: there is no live server-version probe, so set 'version' => '5.7' in the connection config to get the NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER strict mode string.

Transactions on fledge-mysql, fledge-mariadb and fledge-pgsql are pinned per Laravel connection, not per fiber. While one fiber (or the main context) has a transaction open, a query, prepared-statement execute, begin, commit or rollback from any other fiber on that connection throws a LogicException instead of silently running inside it. Give concurrent fibers separate connections, or use the native drivers below, which keep transactions per fiber.

Native MySQL/MariaDB drivers (fledge-mysql-native, fledge-mariadb-native)

A pool of real pdo_mysql connections running on php-fiberio, one lease per fiber. Fiberio makes the stock PDO socket I/O yield to the Revolt event loop, so you get Laravel's own connectors, TLS, session settings and error shapes without the userland wire protocol. A fiber takes a connection for the duration of a query (or a whole transaction, or a cursor() until its generator ends) and gives it back afterwards. A fiber that finds the pool empty waits for a free lease, and fails with a RuntimeException after pool_wait_timeout.

When to use which driver

Both overlap concurrent I/O equally well; the native drivers cost far less CPU per row on large reads. Numbers are from bench/database/results/local-mariadb11-2026-10-08.md (MariaDB 11.8, PHP 8.5.11, local TCP, scale 0.2, 5 runs). On single-row point lookups the native driver spent 60.76 us of CPU per row against 161.26 us for fledge-mariadb, but more than blocking stock pdo_mysql through Laravel (25.60 us), as it adds pool and lease handling.

Install fiberio

• NTS builds of PHP only; the extension is v0.x (0.3.0 is the latest; the C extension is unchanged since 0.2.x). Source and releases: https://github.com/webpatser/php-fiberio.
• php-fiberio 0.3.0 or later is required.
• Without the extension the connector throws a RuntimeException naming the install command. Set 'fiberio' => 'optional' to fall back to blocking PDO with one logged warning instead.

Configuration

PDO::ATTR_PERSISTENT is rejected with an InvalidArgumentException: fiberio routes persistent streams to the blocking transport, and the pool replaces them.

Switching an existing app

1. Install fiberio on every worker host (see above).
2. Change driver from fledge-mariadb to fledge-mariadb-native (or fledge-mysql to fledge-mysql-native). Host, credentials and charset stay as they are.
3. Review the caveats below, especially TLS and test setup.

To roll back, change driver back. fledge-mysql and fledge-mariadb keep their wire-protocol implementation and stay available.

fiberio hooks (FLEDGE_FIBERIO_HOOKS)

With php-fiberio 0.3.0 or later the extension can also make sleep() and friends, DNS lookups and ssl:///tls:// client streams fiber-aware. The native connector enables them for the whole process through config fledge-http.fiberio_hooks, fed by the env var FLEDGE_FIBERIO_HOOKS:

• Values: a comma list (or array) of sleep, dns, ssl, or all. none, off, no, false, 0 and the empty string turn every optional hook off (plain tcp:// and unix:// stay hooked, which is what the driver needs).
• Unknown names are ignored with one logged warning per process. If no valid name is left, the result is no hooks, never all.
• Precedence: the connection's own fiberio_hooks key, then fledge-http.fiberio_hooks (env FLEDGE_FIBERIO_HOOKS), then all.
• fiberio state is process-global and enable() runs once, so the first native connection to connect decides the hooks for the whole process. Set it app-wide through the env var rather than per connection.
• Needs php-fiberio 0.3.0.
• The setting is read through config, so it survives php artisan config:cache. Run config:cache again after changing the env var.

Caveats and migration notes

Requirements

• TLS needs a cipher or CA. Set PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_CIPHER (or a CA via ATTR_SSL_CA) in options. Unlike fledge-mariadb, ATTR_SSL_VERIFY_SERVER_CERT => false on its own connects in plain text.
• Use a socket or IP address, or enable the DNS hook. Without the dns hook (FLEDGE_FIBERIO_HOOKS without dns), resolving a hostname blocks the whole process while connecting. With the dns hook, the lookup runs on a helper thread and only the calling fiber waits.
• No benefit under FPM without an event loop: requests run one at a time, so the pool just adds overhead.

Behaviour

• Fiberio is process-wide. Once enabled, every PHP stream client is affected, not only PDO. A stream shared by two fibers (Predis, SMTP transports, the Guzzle stream handler) now throws "stream is in use by another fiber" instead of blocking. Give each fiber its own client, or serialize access.
• Child fibers and transactions. A child fiber started inside a transaction runs on a separate lease, outside that transaction, so it cannot see the uncommitted rows (and with a small pool it waits until pool_wait_timeout).
• afterCommit callbacks are routed per fiber. A fiber that is not inside its own transaction runs them immediately, even while the main context has a native transaction open (its writes already autocommitted on another connection). A pgsql or fledge-mariadb transaction nested inside a fiber's native transaction gets its callbacks deferred to the native commit, and they are not dropped if only the inner transaction rolls back (stock Laravel attaches them to the innermost transaction). Rare, cross-connection only.
• Custom transactions manager. Fledge wraps the db.transactions binding only when it is Laravel's own DatabaseTransactionsManager. An app's own subclass stays bound as is: native connections still keep their transactions and DB::afterCommit() callbacks per fiber, but callbacks registered on the container from a fiber (after-commit queued jobs, broadcasts) go to that subclass unwrapped.
• Shared connection state. pretend() and recordsModified live on the Laravel connection object and are shared by all fibers.
• Bare DB::getPdo() keeps its lease until that fiber's next query ends. Prefer the query builder, or release it by running a query.
• Unbuffered queries: fetches are not ownership-checked, so only the fiber that ran the query may fetch from it.

Testing

• RefreshDatabase wraps only the main context. Other fibers use other leases and do not see the test transaction. A child fiber that waits on rows locked by the test transaction can hit error 1205 (lock wait timeout). Queue and event after-commit hooks bypass per-fiber routing under RefreshDatabase.

Operations

• Exhausted pool. A fiber waiting on a full pool (for example pool_size => 1 with a second fiber) fails with a RuntimeException after pool_wait_timeout; the message names leaked leases.
• Pool size is per pool. pool_size applies to each pool (write, read and direct), so a read/write split can open 2 to 3 times that many connections.
• Octane. The DisconnectFromDatabases listener closes the pool, which fails open transactions of other in-flight requests when running a fiber server.
• Crashes. A fiberio crash is a C-level crash and takes the worker down. Keep it to workers you can restart (Octane, queue workers) and treat the v0.x version as such.

Redis

Supported: scheme (tcp/tls/rediss/unix), host, port, path (unix socket, predis and phpredis styles), username/password (two-arg AUTH), database, timeout, read_timeout (values at or below 0 wait forever), context ssl options (peer_name, verify_peer, verify_peer_name, cafile, capath, verify_depth, ciphers, local_cert/local_pk/passphrase, security_level, peer_fingerprint), prefix (phpredis OPT_PREFIX semantics, including pub/sub channels), name (CLIENT SETNAME), tcp_keepalive (best effort, needs ext-sockets), command_retries, max_retries, retry_interval, backoff_algorithm/backoff_base/backoff_cap. Cluster seeds inherit TLS, auth, timeouts, and retry policy.

Tolerated without effect: scan (SCAN MATCH patterns are not auto-prefixed, matching phpredis defaults), persistent/persistent_id (connections are long-lived per worker), compression_level without compression.

Rejected loudly with UnsupportedRedisOptionException: serializer and compression (data would be unreadable across clients), pack_ignore_numbers, replication => sentinel (use a direct connection or predis), cluster failover => distribute/distribute_slaves (reads always go to a master), options.cluster other than redis.

HTTP client handler

FledgeHandler is a Guzzle handler backed by the async HTTP client, registered globally by FiberHttpServiceProvider (disabled under PHPUnit); opt out at runtime with Factory::globalHandler(null).

Supported request options: timeout, connect_timeout, version (1.0/1.1/2 with ALPN and 1.1 fallback), verify (true/false/CA file or dir), cert, ssl_key, crypto_method, proxy (string or array form including no; http:// via CONNECT and socks5://), decode_content, sink (path, resource, PSR-7 stream), stream, on_headers, on_stats (curl-shaped handler stats), delay, allow_redirects (all Guzzle sub-options, handled by RedirectMiddleware), plus everything Guzzle middleware implements above the handler. Transport failures reject as Guzzle exception types, so Illuminate\Http\Client\ConnectionException and the ConnectionFailed event work.

Known limitations: no ntlm auth, progress, debug, force_ip_resolve, Expect 100-continue handling, or raw curl options; no https://-scheme proxies; plain-HTTP proxying always tunnels via CONNECT; namelookup_time is always 0 in handler stats.

FledgeGuzzle: one stack for every Guzzle consumer

Fledge\Fiber\Http\FledgeGuzzle hands out Guzzle pieces that run on the Fledge handler instead of curl:

• stack(?int $perHost = null) returns a fresh HandlerStack each call (stacks are mutable); client(array $options = [], ?int $perHost = null) is a GuzzleHttp\Client on it, and a handler in $options wins.
• Connection pools live in one AsyncClientFactory per per-host limit, shared by every stack and client, so keep-alive connections are reused across integrations.

Third-party integrations (on by default)

FiberHttpServiceProvider also puts the HTTP clients of these integrations on the Fledge handler, so their requests suspend only the calling fiber:

Behaviour change: all four are ON by default after upgrading. Mail, Pusher/Reverb, S3 and Elasticsearch traffic that used to go through curl, Symfony's client or the AWS default handler now goes through Fledge. Set the flag to false to return one integration to its previous client:

• All integrations are inactive while PHPUnit runs, so application test suites keep the stock managers and HTTP fakes.
• Config lives in config/fledge-http.php, merged by the provider (there is no vendor:publish tag). To change a value, set the env var or add your own config/fledge-http.php with the keys you want to override. It holds scalars only, so it is config:cache safe; run php artisan config:cache again after changing an env var.
• Per-host connection limits, fledge-http.pool_per_host.* (null means unlimited): mail null, broadcasting 8, s3 null, elasticsearch 8. A mailer's own client.max_host_connections wins over pool_per_host.mail.
• Per-mailer opt-out: 'client' => ['fledge' => false] in the mailer config keeps that mailer (and its SES handler) on the stock client. Other keys of a mailer's client array are passed on as Symfony request options; max_pending_pushes is dropped. Without symfony/http-client the stock client is used.
• An http_handler set on an SES mailer, in services.ses, or on an S3 disk, and a client_options.handler on a Pusher/Reverb connection, are left alone.
• Extend-order caveat: Pusher/Reverb and S3 are registered right after the broadcast and filesystem managers resolve. An app's own Broadcast::extend('pusher') or Storage::extend('s3') in a provider boot() replaces the Fledge one (last extend wins).
• Elasticsearch moved here from scrpr's app/Support/Search. The handler is now passed through setHttpClientOptions(['handler' => ...]) as well, because ClientBuilder rebuilds its Guzzle client when SSL verification is off or a CA bundle is set, and used to lose the handler (and fall back to curl).
• Elasticsearch hosts go through ResurrectingNodePool: a host that hit a network error is skipped for 5 seconds and then tried again. When every host is dead and none is past its window the request fails fast with NoNodeAvailableException (no HTTP attempt, so pdphilip's default 3 retries cannot stack up timeouts on a single host); after the window the host is tried again. Per connection (top level or under options): resurrect_after in seconds, or node_pool as a NodePoolInterface instance or class name (false for elastic-transport's SimpleNodePool with NoResurrect). A pool set with setNodePool() on the builder wins.

Symfony HttpClient adapter

Fledge\Fiber\Http\Symfony\FledgeSymfonyHttpClient implements Symfony's HttpClientInterface on the async client (requires symfony/http-client). Requests start when request() returns and responses created back to back overlap on the wire. Supported options: timeout, max_duration, max_connect_duration, verify_peer, verify_host, cafile, capath, local_cert, local_pk, passphrase, crypto_method, proxy, no_proxy, max_redirects, http_version (1.0, 1.1, 2), plus the body and header options Symfony normalizes itself.

• Unsupported options throw InvalidArgumentException instead of being ignored: bindto, resolve, peer_fingerprint, ciphers, capture_peer_cert_chain, on_progress.
• verify_host => false on its own throws, because the transport cannot skip only the host name check and would silently turn off chain verification. Use verify_peer => false to turn verification off. cafile together with capath throws too; pass one.
• Redirects are followed by the adapter. On a cross-origin hop only Accept, Accept-Language, Accept-Encoding, User-Agent and (when the body is kept) Content-Type are forwarded, so no credential header reaches the new host. No Referer is added.
• Proxy settings the transport cannot use (for example an https:// proxy) surface lazily as a TransportException when the response is read, as with Symfony's own clients. The proxy is decided again for each redirect hop.
• The body is always buffered in memory.

Cross-origin Referer

With allow_redirects.referer enabled, Guzzle 7 sends the full previous URL (path and query) to the new origin; only Guzzle 8 trims it. FledgeHandler now reduces the Referer on every redirect hop itself: origin only across origins, no userinfo or fragment. A Referer you set on the first request is left alone.

Rolling back the integrations

1. Set the FLEDGE_HTTP_* flag of the affected integration to false (or 'client' => ['fledge' => false] for one mailer), run php artisan config:cache, and restart workers (Octane, queue, Torque) so long-lived processes pick it up.
2. To drop the global Guzzle handler as well, call Factory::globalHandler(null).
3. Native database driver: change driver back to fledge-mariadb/fledge-mysql, or switch single fiberio hooks off with FLEDGE_FIBERIO_HOOKS (for example FLEDGE_FIBERIO_HOOKS=none), then config:cache and restart workers.

What's included

The Laravel integration layer lives under Fledge\Fiber\ and bridges async drivers to Laravel's database, Redis, HTTP, and Livewire systems.

PHP 8.5 Features

This library requires PHP 8.5 and uses:

• #[\NoDiscard] on Future-returning methods
• clone() with property overrides for immutable configs
• readonly class for value objects (76 classes)
• Typed class constants
• First-class callable syntax throughout

Versioning

Follows Fledge versioning: v13.x.y.z where the first three digits match the Laravel version and the fourth is the fledge-fiber patch level.

License

Apache-2.0. Portions are derived from amphp (MIT); see LICENSE for the original notice.