Download the PHP package tueena-lib/dependency-injection without Composer

tueena-lib/dependency-injection

This package provides two classes to realize dependency injection for php 7 applications.

You register services to a service locator by telling the service locator the interface name that identifies the service within the service locator and either the name of the class that will be instantiated to create the service or a factory method (a closure) that will return the service instance.

Other services that are required by the constructor or factory method of the service are injected automatically.

All services are only build on demand and only once.

The second class of the library is a static Injector class. It provides methods to inject services into constructors, methods, static methods, closures, functions and invoke methods.

Features and design decisions

• The library is very small: Two classes and one interface (< 200 lines of code). So you can easily understand the whole thing and also copy it into your source code to adapt it to your needs or get rid of the dependency without blowing something up.
• Test driven developed. Code coverage: 100%.
• ServiceLocator is immutable.
• Every class can be registered as service (no interface or base class required, of course).
• Services are identified by an interface name.
• Services implementations are defined by class name or a factory method (closure).
• Services that are required by a service constructor or factory are injected automatically.
• Services are build on demand.
• Only one service instance for each registered service per service locator.
• Already registered services cannot be overwritten.
• Trying to get a service from the ServiceLocator, that has not been registered will throw an exception.
• Requires explicit service registration: No "autowiring".
• By design no support for injection by annotations, through setters or interfaces.
• Injector is a static class (it does not contain any state).
• With the injector you can build classes, call methods, static methods, functions, closures and invoke classes.

Usage

Register services to the ServiceLocator:

Use the injector to inject services into all kind of callables.

In practice, you will not have to deal with the ServiceLocator or the Injector very much in your application. In fact, you don't want to.

Here an example use case: Let's say you have all the application agnostic business logic in classes in a namespace myApp\core. Now you have several applications that uses that core: A REST API, an administration tool, some command line tools. Let's say, the REST API requires an OrderInteractor. It manages order entities and requires an object, that knows how to persist orders somewhere.

You could write a script core/init.php, that returns a service locator:

You'll import that into your application:

As you can see, you're not going to deal with database connection within the applications. But, you can use the database anyways to store application specific data.

Now your REST API controller could look like this:

The OrderInteractor could look something like that:

As you can see, all the stuff that binds your code to tueena-lib is placed in one file per module. In a bootstrap file at the entry point of the module or the front controller. All the other files and classes are absolutely independent of tueena-lib. No annotations, no calls to Injector, no global service locator instance.

Best practices and notes

• Keep in mind, that each call to Injector and each usage of the ServiceLocator will bind your software to this library. You want to avoid that. Better don't pass around the service locator. Define the services at one place (per module) within or close to the front controller (etc.). Also use the Injector only within the front controller or somewhere there. Don't spread that around.
• Also passing the service locator around will obfuscate the dependencies. You only see IServiceLocator as dependency in the method signatures, but not the services that are really required.
• Think about the disadvantages of this "magical" dependency injection. Maybe you can wire up your application with manual dependency injection with factories to not have to create all the objects and database connections and api connections at every application request. Why do we need to use this library to pass the configuration into the database connection object in the example above? It's less code, of course. But is it better code?
• Expect problems, when you register services to the service locator after services have already been build. The already build instances are not copied into the new service locator instance returned by the register* methods.

License

MIT

Requirements

php >= 7.0.0

Installation

If you use Composer:

Otherwise just download the two classes and the interface and use it.

Contact

Bastian Fenske [email protected]