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Kima PHP Framework

Kima is a PHP framework designed to provide a structured and efficient way to build web applications. It offers a range of components for common web development tasks, including database interaction, caching, localization, and more.

Overview

Kima follows modern PHP practices and aims to be a flexible tool for developers. It includes support for different database systems, caching mechanisms, and provides utilities for handling HTTP requests, managing views, and performing common tasks like image manipulation and file uploads. The framework is structured into various modules, each catering to specific functionalities.

Usage

1. Install composer
2. Execute composer create-project stevevega/kima-skeleton [DESTINATION_PATH]
3. Make your webserver point to [DESTINATION_PATH]/public

Example Nginx Server Config

Core Components

The Kima framework is composed of several key components found within the library/Kima directory:

• App (Prime/App.php): The main entry point for applications using Kima. It handles the setup of the application environment, configuration, routing, and request lifecycle.
• Action (Prime/Action.php): Implements the Front Controller design pattern. It's responsible for routing incoming requests to the appropriate controllers and methods.
• Cache (Cache.php): Provides a factory for various caching mechanisms. Supported systems include:
  • APC (Cache/Apc.php)
  • File-based cache (Cache/File.php)
  • Memcached (Cache/Memcached.php)
  • Redis (Cache/Redis.php)
  • A NullObject cache for disabling caching. (Cache/NullObject.php)
  • An interface ICache.php defines the contract for cache adapters.
• Config (Prime/Config.php): Handles application configuration, supporting global, module-specific, and custom environment configurations.
• Controller (Prime/Controller.php): Base controller class that other controllers in the application should extend. It provides integration with the View component and helper methods.
• Crypt (Crypt/): Offers cryptographic utilities:
  • BCrypt.php: For password hashing using BCrypt.
  • GeoHash.php: For encoding latitude and longitude.
  • Nonce.php: For generating nonce strings.
• Database (Database.php): An abstract factory for database interaction. It supports:
  • MongoDB (Database/Mongo.php)
  • PDO for MySQL (Database/Pdo.php)
  • Interfaces IDatabase.php and ITransaction.php define contracts for database operations and transactions.
• Error (Error.php): Handles user-triggered errors and logging within the application, integrating with DataDog for tracing.
• Html (Html/CssToInline.php): Utility for converting CSS styles to inline styles within HTML documents, useful for email templates.
• Http (Http/): Components for handling HTTP-related tasks:
  • Redirector.php: Manages HTTP redirects.
  • Request.php: Provides access to HTTP request data (GET, POST, COOKIE, SERVER, etc.).
  • StatusCode.php: Defines and retrieves messages for HTTP status codes.
• Image (Image.php): A library for image manipulation, extending Imagick. It supports operations like creating thumbnails, cropping, and converting image formats, as well as fixing EXIF rotation.
• L10n (L10n.php): Handles localization (l10n) by loading language strings from .ini files, supporting caching of translations.
• Logger (Logger.php): A logging class that extends the base Model, allowing logs to be stored, typically in MongoDB.
• Model (Model.php): An abstract base class for data models, providing an abstraction layer for database operations. It supports different database engines (MySQL, MongoDB) through adapters.
  • IModel.php: Interface for model adapters.
  • Mongo.php (Adapter, appears to be an interface or incomplete)
  • Mysql.php (Adapter for MySQL)
  • ResultSet.php: Class for storing query result sets, including total counts for pagination.
  • TFilter.php: A trait used by models (likely Mysql.php) for parsing query filter operators.
• Procedure (Procedure.php): Abstract class for working with database stored procedures, primarily with MySQL.
• Search (Search/Solr.php): Provides an interface for interacting with the Solr search engine.
• Upload (Upload/): Handles file and image uploads.
  • File.php: Base class for file uploads, including validation for size and type.
  • Image.php: Extends File.php for image-specific uploads, including EXIF rotation fixing and format conversion.
• Util (Util/): Contains various utility classes:
  • Html.php: Utilities for HTML manipulation, such as extracting text and removing tags.
  • KInt.php: Integer utility functions, like casting to integer.
  • KString.php: String utility functions, including camel case to underscore conversion, slug generation, and creating comma-separated lists.
• View (View.php): Manages the template system. It supports loading views, setting variables, rendering templates, handling layouts, and including CSS/JavaScript. It also supports caching of template blocks and localization of strings within templates.

Key Features

• MVC-like Architecture: Organizes code into Models, Views, and Controllers (Prime Components).
• Routing: Flexible routing mechanism to map URLs to controller actions (Prime/Action.php).
• Database Abstraction: Supports multiple database systems (MongoDB, MySQL) with a common interface (Database.php, Model.php).
• Caching System: Multiple caching backends (APC, File, Memcached, Redis) (Cache.php).
• Templating Engine: A simple yet powerful view system with support for layouts, blocks, and variable passing (View.php).
• Localization (L10n): Support for internationalization through .ini language files (L10n.php).
• Error Handling: Centralized error management (Error.php).
• HTTP Utilities: Easy handling of HTTP requests, responses, and status codes (Http/*).
• Security Utilities: Includes tools for password hashing (BCrypt) and nonce generation (Crypt/*).
• File and Image Handling: Robust file and image uploading and manipulation capabilities (Upload/*, Image.php).
• Search Integration: Support for Solr search engine (Search/Solr.php).
• Composer Ready: Uses Composer for dependency management.
• DataDog Tracing: Integrated support for DataDog APM tracing.

Dependencies

Kima PHP Framework requires the following:

• PHP >= 8.1
• mongodb/mongodb: ^1.15.0
• datadog/dd-trace: >=0.86.3

It also suggests or implicitly requires PHP extensions like pdo_mysql, memcached, redis, apc, imagick, and solr depending on the features used.

Understanding a Kima Application Structure (Based on Kima Skeleton)

While the "Core Components" section describes the Kima framework's internal libraries, this section provides context on how a typical web application built with Kima is structured, using the Kima Skeleton app as a reference. This skeleton helps developers get started quickly.

Typical Directory Structure

A Kima application generally follows this kind of folder organization:

Key Parts of a Kima Application:

• Entry Point (public/index.php): This is where the Kima application is initialized. It typically loads Composer's autoloader, sets up the Kima App instance, and defines the URL routes that map to controller actions.
• Configuration (application/config/application.ini): Kima applications use .ini files for configuration. This file is crucial for setting up database connections, cache parameters, language settings, view options, and other application-specific or Kima framework configurations.
• Controllers (application/controller/): Controllers handle incoming HTTP requests, process user input, interact with models to fetch or modify data, and then select a view to render the response. They extend the Kima framework's base Controller class.
• Models (application/model/): Models encapsulate the application's business logic and data interaction. They extend Kima's base Model class and are used to perform database operations (CRUD, etc.).
• Views (application/view/): Views are responsible for the presentation layer. They typically consist of HTML templates. Kima's View component is used by controllers to pass data to views and render them. A common layout.html often defines the main page structure, with specific views rendering content within that layout.
• Modules (application/module/): Kima supports a modular structure, allowing developers to organize larger applications into smaller, more manageable parts. Each module can have its own set of controllers, models, and views, effectively acting as a mini-application within the main one.
• Application Bootstrap (application/Bootstrap.php): This optional file allows for application-specific initialization logic that runs before the main controller action is executed. This can include setting up global configurations, initializing services, or defining constants.
• Custom Libraries (application/library/): For application-specific helper classes or libraries that don't fit into the MVC structure, this directory provides a conventional place.
• Localization (resource/l10n/): Language files (e.g., en.ini, es.ini) are stored here, enabling the application to be translated into multiple languages using Kima's L10n component.

This structure, based on the Kima Skeleton, provides a solid foundation for building applications with the Kima framework, leveraging its components like routing, ORM, templating, and more.