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Converting Smarty templates to Twig

Converting tool located at GitHub allows to convert existing Smarty template files to Twig syntax. The tool besides standard Smarty syntax is adjusted to handle custom OXID modifications and extensions.

Installation

Clone the repository:

git clone https://github.com/OXID-eSales/smarty-to-twig-converter.git

Install dependencies:

cd smarty-to-twig-converter

composer install

Usage

The convert command tries to fix as much coding standards problems as possible on a given file, directory or database.

path and ext parameters

Converter can work with files and directories:

php toTwig convert --path=/path/to/dir php toTwig convert --path=/path/to/file

By default files with .html.twig extension will be created. To specify different extensions use --ext parameter:

php toTwig convert --path=/path/to/dir --ext=.js.twig

database and database-columns parameters

It also can work with databases:

php toTwig convert --database="mysql://user:password@localhost/db"

The --database parameter gets database doctrine-like URL. Converter by default converts following tables columns:

• oxactions.OXLONGDESC
• oxactions.OXLONGDESC_1
• oxactions.OXLONGDESC_2
• oxactions.OXLONGDESC_3
• oxcontents.OXCONTENT
• oxcontents.OXCONTENT_1
• oxcontents.OXCONTENT_2
• oxcontents.OXCONTENT_3
• oxartextends.OXLONGDESC
• oxartextends.OXLONGDESC_1
• oxartextends.OXLONGDESC_2
• oxartextends.OXLONGDESC_3
• oxcategories.OXLONGDESC
• oxcategories.OXLONGDESC
• oxcategories.OXLONGDESC_2
• oxcategories.OXLONGDESC_3

The --database-columns option lets you choose tables columns to be converted (the table column names has to be specified in table_a.column_b format and separated by comma):

php toTwig convert --database="..." --database-columns=oxactions.OXLONGDESC,oxcontents.OXCONTENT

You can also blacklist the table columns you don't want using -table_a.column_b:

php toTwig convert --database="..." --database-columns=-oxactions.OXLONGDESC_1,-oxcontents.OXCONTENT_1

converters parameter

The --converters option lets you choose the exact converters to apply (the converter names must be separated by a comma):

php toTwig convert --path=/path/to/dir --ext=.html.twig --converters=for,if,misc

You can also blacklist the converters you don't want if this is more convenient, using -name:

php toTwig convert --path=/path/to/dir --ext=.html.twig --converters=-for,-if

dry-run, verbose and diff parameters

A combination of --dry-run, --verbose and --diff will display summary of proposed changes, leaving your files unchanged.

All converters apply by default.

The --dry-run option displays the files that need to be fixed but without actually modifying them:

php toTwig convert --path=/path/to/code --ext=.html.twig --dry-run

config-path parameter

Instead of building long line commands it is possible to inject PHP configuration code. Two example files are included in main directory: config_file.php and config_database.php. To include config file use --config-path parameter:

php toTwig convert --config-path=config_file.php

Config script should return instance of toTwig\Config\ConfigInterface. It can be created using toTwig\Config\Config::create() static method.

Known issues

• In Twig by default all variables are escaped. Some of variables should be filtered with |raw filter to avoid this. This means all templates, html code and strings containing unsafe characters like < > $ & should be filtered with |raw before echoing. You can check if all necessary variables are escaped using web browser's inspector tool. Instead of using raw filter to echo variable holding a template, you can use template_from_string function. More on it in the documentation.

  Smarty:

  Twig after converting:

  Twig after fixing:

• Variable scope. In Twig variables declared in templates have scopes limited by block ({% block %}, {% for %} and so on). Some variables should be declared outside these blocks if they are used outside.

  Smarty:

  Twig after converting:

  Twig after fixing:

• Redeclaring blocks - it’s forbidden in Twig. You must use a unique name for each block in given template.

  Smarty:

  Twig after converting:

  Twig after fixing:

• Access to array item $myArray.$itemIndex should be manually translated to myArray[itemIndex]

  Smarty:

  Twig after converting:

  Twig after fixing:

• Uses of regex string in templates - the tool can break or work incorrectly on so complex cases - it’s safer to manually copy&paste regular expression.

  Smarty:

  Twig after converting:

  Twig after fixing:

• [{section}] - loop is array or integer which triggers different behaviours. The tool is not able to detect variable type, so you need to check what is used in each loop.

  Smarty:

  Twig after converting:

  Twig after fixing:

• String concatenation - the tool has issues with opening and closing strings. Usage of Smarty variables inside the string might cause the converter to fail. Twig does not support this kind of concatenation. You should check places where you concat strings held inside variables and use Twig ~ instead of variables inside the string. In converted template you should look for patterns like `$var_name`

  Smarty:

  Twig after converting:

  Twig after fixing:

• $ signs are not always removed from variables. Sometimes when expression is too complex, the converter will not remove $ sign from variable name. After conversion you should check your templates for $ signs.

  Smarty:

  Twig after converting:

  Twig after fixing:

• Twig offers easy access to fist element of loop. Instead of using indexed element of variable you can use loop.index0 or for current iteration loop.index. Converter does not handle constructions like $smarty.section.arg. More can be read in the Twig 'for' documentation.

  Smarty:

  Twig after converting:

  Twig after fixing:

• In some places access to global variables has to be adjusted. In converted code look for word smarty and replace it with twig.

  Smarty:

  Twig after converting:

  Twig after fixing:

• Properties accessing differs in Smarty and Twig and sometimes it has to be fixed manually. You have to explicitly call magic getter if there is no magic isset defined. Also if you want to access class property without calling a getter you have to use array-like syntax.

  Smarty:

  Twig after converting:

  Twig after fixing:

• The converter does not always convert logic operators like || and && if they are not separated by space. || has to be manually changed to or and && to and.

  Smarty:

  Twig after converting:

  Twig after fixing:

• If you access request variables from template, please consider refactoring any templates that do this. If it is not possible, please use functions get_global_cookie or get_global_get provided with Twig engine. In case you need access to other request variables, you will have to extend one of these functions on your own.

  Smarty:

  Twig after converting:

  Twig after fixing:

• You might need to manually check logic in template files. Some places will require usage of is same as comparison, which uses PHP's === instead of ==. This might be necessary when checking if variable was set, contains information, if it is a 0 or if it is a null. There is a problem with checking non existing (null) properties. E.g. we want to check the value of non-existing property oxarticles__oxunitname. Twig checks with isset if this property exists and it’s not, so Twig assumes that property name is function name and tries to call it.

  Smarty:

  Twig after converting:

  Twig after fixing:

Converted plugins and syntax pieces

Here is list of plugins and syntax pieces with basic examples how it is converted. Note that these examples are only to show how it is converted and doesn't cover all possible cases as additional parameters, block nesting, repetitive calls (as for counter and cycle functions) etc.

Core Smarty

assign => set

Converter name: assign

Smarty:\ [{assign var="name" value="Bob"}]

Twig:\ {% set name = "Bob" %}

block => block

Converter name: block

Smarty:\ [{block name="title"}]Default Title[{/block}]

Twig:\ {% block title %}Default Title{% endblock %}

capture => set

Converter name: CaptureConverter

Smarty:\ [{capture name="foo" append="var"}] bar [{/capture}]

Twig:\ {% set foo %}{{ var }} bar {% endset %}

Comments

Converter name: comment

Smarty:\ [{* foo *}]

Twig:\ {# foo #}

counter => set

Converter name: counter

Smarty:\ [{counter}]

Twig:\ {% set defaultCounter = ( defaultCounter|default(0) ) + 1 %}

cycle => smarty_cycle

Converter name: cycle

Smarty:\ [{cycle values="val1,val2,val3"}]

Twig:\ {{ smarty_cycle(["val1", "val2", "val3"]) }}

foreach => for

Converter name: for

Smarty:\ [{foreach $myColors as $color}]foo[{/foreach}]

Twig:\ {% for color in myColors %}foo{% endfor %}

if => if

Converter name: if

Smarty:\ [{if !$foo or $foo->bar or $foo|bar:foo["hello"]}]foo[{/if}]

Twig:\ {% if not foo or foo.bar or foo|bar(foo["hello"]) %}foo{% endif %}

include => include

Converter name: include

Smarty:\ [{include file='page_header.tpl'}]

Twig:\ {% include 'page_header.tpl' %}

insert => include

Converter name: insert

Smarty:\ [{insert name="oxid_tracker" title="PRODUCT_DETAILS"|oxmultilangassign product=$oDetailsProduct cpath=$oView->getCatTreePath()}]

Twig:\ {% include "oxid_tracker" with {title: "PRODUCT_DETAILS"|oxmultilangassign, product: oDetailsProduct, cpath: oView.getCatTreePath()} %}

mailto => mailto

Converter name: mailto

Smarty:\ [{mailto address='[email protected]'}]

Twig:\ {{ mailto('[email protected]') }}

math => core Twig math syntax

Converter name: math

Smarty:\ [{math equation="x + y" x=1 y=2}]

Twig:\ {{ 1 + 2 }}

Variable conversion

Converter name: variable

Other

Converter name: misc

OXID custom extensions

oxcontent => include_content

Converter name: oxcontent

Smarty:\ [{oxcontent ident='oxregisteremail'}]

Twig:\ {% include_content 'oxregisteremail' %}

oxeval => include(template_from_string())

Converter name: OxevalConverter

Smarty:\ [{oxeval var=$variable}]

Twig:\ {{ include(template_from_string(variable)) }}

oxgetseourl => seo_url

Converter name: oxgetseourl

Smarty:\ [{oxgetseourl ident=$oViewConf->getSelfLink()|cat:"cl=basket"}]

Twig:\ {{ seo_url({ ident: oViewConf.getSelfLink()|cat("cl=basket") }) }}

oxhasrights => hasrights

Converter name: oxhasrights

Smarty:\ [{oxhasrights object=$edit readonly=$readonly}]foo[{/oxhasrights}]

Twig:\ {% hasrights { "object": "edit", "readonly": "readonly", } %}foo{% endhasrights %}

oxid_include_dynamic => include_dynamic

Converter name: oxid_include_dynamic

Smarty:\ [{oxid_include_dynamic file="form/formparams.tpl"}]

Twig:\ {% include_dynamic "form/formparams.tpl" %}

oxid_include_widget => include_widget

Converter name: oxid_include_widget

Smarty:\ [{oxid_include_widget cl="oxwCategoryTree" cnid=$oView->getCategoryId() deepLevel=0 noscript=1 nocookie=1}]

Twig:\ {{ include_widget({ cl: "oxwCategoryTree", cnid: oView.getCategoryId(), deepLevel: 0, noscript: 1, nocookie: 1 }) }}

oxifcontent => ifcontent

Converter name: oxifcontent

Smarty:\ [{oxifcontent ident="TOBASKET" object="aObject"}]foo[{/oxifcontent}]

Twig:\ {% ifcontent ident "TOBASKET" set aObject %}foo{% endifcontent %}

oxinputhelp => include "inputhelp.tpl"

Converter name: oxinputhelp

Smarty:\ [{oxinputhelp ident="foo"}]

Twig:\ {% include "inputhelp.tpl" with {'sHelpId': getSHelpId(foo), 'sHelpText': getSHelpText(foo)} %}

oxmailto => oxmailto

Converter name: oxmailto

Smarty:\ [{oxmailto address='[email protected]'}]

Twig:\ {{ mailto('[email protected]') }}

oxmultilang => translate

Converter name: oxmultilang

Smarty:\ [{oxmultilang ident="ERROR_404"}]

Twig:\ {{ translate({ ident: "ERROR_404" }) }}

oxprice => format_price

Converter name: oxprice

Smarty:\ [{oxprice price=$basketitem->getUnitPrice() currency=$currency}]

Twig:\ {{ format_price(basketitem.getUnitPrice(), { currency: currency }) }}

oxscript => script

Converter name: oxscript

Smarty:\ [{oxscript include="js/pages/details.min.js" priority=10}]

Twig:\ {{ script({ include: "js/pages/details.min.js", priority: 10, dynamic: __oxid_include_dynamic }) }}

oxstyle => style

Converter name: oxstyle

Smarty:\ [{oxstyle include="css/libs/chosen/chosen.min.css"}]

Twig:\ {{ style({ include: "css/libs/chosen/chosen.min.css" }) }}

section => for

Converter name: section

Smarty:\ [{section name=picRow start=1 loop=10}]foo[{/section}]

Twig:\ {% for picRow in 1..10 %}foo{% endfor %}

Filters

Running database conversion PHPUnit tests

Note for CI: To run database conversion PHPUnit tests, sqlite is required. You can install it by running following commands:

$ sudo apt-get install sqlite3
$ sudo apt-get install php7.2-sqlite

Bugs and Issues

If you experience any bugs or issues, please report them in the section OXID eShop (all versions) under category Twig engine of https://bugs.oxid-esales.com