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Example code of alto/json-patch

Informations about the package json-patch

ALTO \ JSON Patch

A strict, auditable JSON Patch implementation for PHP 8.3+. This library handles two concerns with precision:

  1. Apply: A deterministic RFC 6902 engine that replays patches exactly.
  2. Diff: A smart diff generator that produces stable, readable patches.

Built for systems where change history matters.

  PHP Version   CI   Packagist Version   PHP Version   PHP Version  

Installation

Why Alto JSON Patch?

For audit logs: Deterministic apply means you can verify patch integrity. Store the parent hash, the patch, and the result hash. Replaying the patch will always produce the same result.

For readable diffs: Generate clean patches that humans can review. Optional identity-based list diffing produces granular operations instead of replacing entire arrays.

For reliability: Pure PHP with strict types. No magic, no surprises.

Quick Start

Generate Patches

Create patches automatically by diffing two states:

Smart List Diffing

By default, lists are replaced entirely when they differ. For granular control, use identity-based diffing:

This produces readable patches where reviewers can see exactly which items changed.

Utility Methods

Audit Trail Example

Supported Operations

All RFC 6902 operations:

Error Handling

Operations throw JsonPatchException with clear messages:

Advanced Usage

Float Comparison

JsonPatch uses strict equality (===) for values. Be aware that json_decode may treat numbers differently depending on flags. For example, 1.0 (float) is not strictly equal to 1 (int). Ensure your input documents use consistent types if strict equality is required.

Limitations

applyJson: Empty Object vs Array

When using JsonPatch::applyJson(), the underlying json_decode converts empty JSON objects {} into empty PHP arrays []. Since PHP does not distinguish between empty associative arrays (objects) and empty indexed arrays (lists), an input of {"key": {}} may result in {"key": []} after a round-trip. If strictly preserving {} vs [] is critical, consider using apply() with pre-decoded structures where you can control the object mapping (e.g. json_decode($json, false) for stdClass).

API Reference

JsonPatch

Method Description
apply(array $doc, array $patch): array Apply a patch to a document
applyJson(string $docJson, string $patchJson, int $flags = 0): string Apply patch to JSON string
diff(array $from, array $to, ?DiffOptions $opts = null): array Generate patch from two states
get(array $doc, string $path): mixed Get value at JSON pointer path
test(array $doc, string $path, mixed $value): bool Test if value matches at path
validate(array $patch): array Validate patch structure, returns errors

DiffOptions

Configure identity-based list diffing:

License

This project is licensed under the MIT License - see the LICENSE file for details.

All versions of json-patch with dependencies

PHP Build Version
Package Version
Requires php Version ^8.3
ext-json Version *
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